Jeremy M. Gernand, PhD, CSP, CRE
Associate Professor of Environmental Health and Safety Engineering
John and Willie Leone Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering
College of Earth and Mineral Sciences
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Home Team Research Courses Publications Consulting Blog Posts Contact

We can investigate how AI/ML models work

I get and agree with the concern here, but this idea: “You can’t cross-examine an algorithm…. It’s a black box.” is false. To effectively use ML/AI, we have to do this, and we can, though it requires careful work. | https://vox.com/recode/2019/10/20/20921354/ai-algorithms-essay-writing

Our government and catastrophic risks

Why governments are bad at facing catastrophic risks — and how they could get better https://vox.com/future-perfect/2019/8/23/20828408/global-catastrophic-risks-national-policy?utm_campaign=vox&utm_content=entry&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter… via @voxdotcom

Natural dust emissions and infant mortality

Dust emissions from the desert connected with increased infant mortality | https://vox.com/future-perfect/2019/8/6/20747576/air-pollution-dust-nber-study-child-deaths

The complex system of aviation safety

The state of aviation safety is more complex than “too complex” | https://vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/12/18261985/trump-boeing-737-max-8-automation-tweet-debunked

Protecting miners from black lung

‘Fundamental Shift’ Needed To Protect Miners From Deadly Black Lung https://n.pr/2N6oO7a

The Chemical Safety Board

Save the Chemical Safety Board [Editorial] https://houstonchronicle.com/opinion/editorials/article/Save-the-Chemical-Safety-Board-Editorial-12992320.php?utm_campaign=twitter-premium&utm_source=CMS%20Sharing%20Button&utm_medium=social… via @HoustonChron

Wastewater as dust suppressant…

Oil and gas wastewater as dust suppressant less than ideal | via @penn_statehttp://news.psu.edu/story/523652/2018/05/30/research/oil-and-gas-wastewater-dust-suppressant-less-ideal

Risk perception is challenging

Humans are bad at understanding risk. California’s coffee-may-cause-cancer signs won’t help: https://slate.com/technology/2018/05/californias-coffee-may-cause-cancer-signs-may-hurt-more-than-they-help.html?wpsrc=sh_all_dt_tw_ru… via @slate

Lessons from the Florida bridge collapse

The Florida bridge collapse is a tragic result of a building ethos that could come to your town: https://slate.com/business/2018/03/the-florida-bridge-collapse-shows-how-accelerated-bridge-construction-can-go-wrong.html?wpsrc=sh_all_dt_tw_ru… via @slate

We owe it to victims to learn everything we can from tragedies like this

As Bodies Are Pulled From Rubble, Questions Mount About Miami Bridge. http://google.com/newsstand/s/CBIwltG7-Dc

Measles comes back…?

Unfortunate that we are watching a solved human health problem become unsolved. https://t.co/mA5xpoNZE2

Cell Phones causing cancer would be really dramatic

I think people underestimate how earth shattering a conclusion that non-ionizing radiation causes cancer would be | California Warns People to Limit Exposure to Cellphones. http://google.com/newsstand/s/CBIwg-uPrzM

I miss fonio

I miss fonio. http://slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/roads/2017/11/fonio_could_this_forgotten_west_african_grain_be_the_world_s_next_trendy.html… via @slate

Drone Risks for Passenger Aircraft

Here’s How Drones Do (and Don’t) Threaten Passenger Aircraft https://scientificamerican.com/article/here-rsquo-s-how-drones-do-and-don-rsquo-t-threaten-passenger-aircraft/?wt.mc=SA_Twitter-Share… via @sciam

Changes in bus stop location can reduce pollution exposure

Relocating bus stops 120 ft away from intersections would cut riders’ pollution exposure, study finds: Relocating bus stops would cut riders’ pollution exposure, study finds (phys.org)

Safety and Security doesn’t have to be Unconfortable

How Anti-Terrorism Design Can Also Make Cities More Livable http://53eig.ht/2zEkAQY

It’s too hard to read scientific papers

Scientific Papers Are Getting Less Readable – Neuroskeptic | Scientific Papers Are Getting Less Readable | Discover Magazine

Planned Inventions Regularly Happen

Engineers regularly embrace the idea of the planned invention (e.g., by this future date we will have created a tech. sol’n for this prob.)

(1) TED Talks on X: ““Innovation is not just a matter of luck. It’s possible to have a strategy of innovation.” https://t.co/orTTPGqZAA” / X

What Social Discounting Does to Risk Planning

The arcane, fascinating academic debate that helps explain why we didn’t prepare for Harvey. http://slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2017/09/how_social_discounting_helps_explain_why_we_don_t_prepare_for_disasters.html?wpsrc=sh_all_dt_tw_top… via @slate

Risk and Probability with 500-year Events

A lot of confusion about what a “500-year event” means in relation to #Harvey, and since I evaluate #Risks, and am from #Dickinson , TX …

A 500-year event only means it has been assessed a probability of 0.2% of happening for that location in a year (1% for a 100-yr event) …

When you start stacking events (multiple years or multiple areas) then the probability can get much higher …

See this graph of cumulative probabilities of experiencing such an event with multiple independent* events (*probably a bad assumption) …

graph of the probability of experiencing a 100-year or 500-year event as the number of consecutive years increases

(again assuming independence) over a 30-year mortgage, a house would have a 5.8% probability of seeing a 500-yr event (26% of 100-yr event)

Over 50 regions with the same risk, there would be a 9.5% probability of one of them seeing a 500-yr event in a yr (39.4% for 100-yr event)

Over a 79 year lifetime, there is a 14.6% probability of seeing a 500-year event (54.8% of 100-yr event) [again assuming independence] …

*Independence* means that no event informs us on the probability of any other event (i.e. things are not changing)

So, independence assumes no climate change, no increase in flooding due to development, etc. (i.e. prob not true, but makes math easier)